johnwmyers.com

My personal blog for Technology and Web

Ping command

March 26, 2021
by John W. Myers
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Ping command explained

Ping command, what is it?

The Ping command is a great little utility tool with a simple command-line interface that serves for network diagnosing or, more precisely said – to probe a particular host or IP address (IPv4 address or IPv6 address) and see if there is a connection to it. 

With the Ping command, you are sending packets of data using the ICMP (internet control message protocol) from your device to a target. The packets will be 4 by default, each with a 32-byte size, and you will get the time it took each of them to reach the target. Another useful part of the statistics is that you will get minimum, maximum, and average time (in milliseconds) for the road. An interesting detail is that you will see a percentage of lost packets. You will also get the IP address of the target.

How does Ping command work?

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Anycast DNS

November 9, 2021
by John W. Myers
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Anycast DNS: Benefits of using it

Anycast DNS – Definition

Anycast DNS is a great mechanism for traffic routing. It distributes content through several nameservers that store one identical IP address.

Each one of the servers is positioned in various locations all over the world. That way, they are a lot closer to the potential users. All of this is for providing a better and faster response to the requests and an excellent user experience.

When a user requests a particular website, the server that is nearest and available is going to answer the query. So, the chance of experiencing any latency is reduced to a minimum. Your customers are going to e able to reach and connect to your website easily. 

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DDoS attack

October 25, 2021
by John W. Myers
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DDoS attack – definition, and details

DDoS attack explained.

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is a cyber-attack that aims to disrupt its targets, such as s system, server, or network. It floods them with large amounts of traffic arriving from multiple devices. The many different sources used to attack the victim are the reason why it is called “distributed”. The target is down, and a denial of service occurs that doesn’t allow any user to connect with it.

DDoS attacks could be initiated in different ways, and techniques vary or even can be mixed in order to hit the target stronger. Overall, every DDoS attack runs by infecting as many devices connected to the Internet as possible. In addition, it could be performed globally with one main goal to flood the target with massive traffic from all of the compromised sources such as IoT, servers, computers. The target is not able to handle the traffic and becomes sluggish until it is completely drowned.

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CAA record

September 30, 2021
by John W. Myers
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What is a CAA record?

The CAA record is considered not so well-known in comparison with, for example, the DNS A record. Actually, the CAA record was first defined in 2013, and from 2017, Certificate Authorities are obligated to first examine it before issuing some type of certificate. So, let’s reveal a little bit more information about it.

The CAA record explained

The Certification Authority Authorization record, or for short the CAA record, is applied mainly by the DNS administrator of a domain to add and establish which Certificate Authorities (CAs) can publish SSL or TLS certificates for the domain.

As a domain owner, you have the right to pick which CA can distribute cryptographic certificates for your domain name.

The purpose of a cryptographic certificate is to authenticate the domain owner plus to secure the communication with that domain with encryption. Additionally, it keeps data that is considered sensitive safe.

With the CAA record, the domain owner holds the advantage of having control over the method of issuing certificates. Moreover, the number of miss-issued certificate for that domain is going to be reduced. It is possible to use CAA record for your complete domain or only for some of the subdomains. It all depends on what are your personal preferences and the setup you want.

A well-known requirement for applying CAA records is first to enable DNSSEC. The reason for that is basically providing better security and assurance from the side of the CA.

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Primary DNS server

August 13, 2021
by John W. Myers
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What is a Primary DNS server?

There are multiple types of DNS servers – Primary, Secondary, Authoritative, Recursive, etc. . They accomplish different functions for a network to perform properly. Specifically, DNS servers are organized, obeying a hierarchical order. Today let’s talk about the Primary DNS server and what functions it has in the system.

What’s a Primary DNS server?

The Primary DNS server is also named the Master DNS server because it is the source of the original data. The Primary DNS servers are in charge of hosting the zone files that store DNS records of the different domains. 

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DNS CNAME record

July 5, 2021
by John W. Myers
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DNS CNAME record meaning

In the process of gaining knowledge about Domain Name System, it is essential to clarify the meaning of the DNS CNAME record. We just can’t skip it. So, let’s explain a little bit more about it. 

What is a DNS CNAME record?

The complete name of the DNS CNAME record is a canonical name record. The Canonical Name is showing which specifically is the actual name of a domain. It has its main goal. It is to point the true canonical domain name of one domain name. 

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SSL certificate

May 31, 2021
by John W. Myers
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4 SSL certificate types for your website

Owning a business website requires a lot of strategies and effort to attract people’s interest. Sometimes is not about getting complex ideas but going to the basics. Customers and search engines so appreciate security. It’s a value directly linked with reliability and a good reputation. Besides being an obligation, it can really bring benefits to your business.

Let’s dig a bit into 4 SSL certificate types for your website. One of these should be suitable for your site. 

What is an SSL certificate?

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FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name)

May 25, 2021
by John W. Myers
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What is FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name)

What is FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name)

The FQDN stands for the longer Fully Qualified Domain Name. It is exactly what it says, the most full way to write a particular domain name (website or a server). As you know, DNS is a hierarchy system, starting from the root, then TLD, then the domain, and last is the particular hostname. 

Syntax of a fully qualified domain name: hostname.domainname.TLD ([hostname].[domain].[tld].)

Example of fully qualified domain names: mail.google.com, ftp.microsoft.com, movies.disney.com

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DHCP server

May 18, 2021
by John W. Myers
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What is a DHCP server?

The IT people, network administrators, and others are as passionate about their job as you are about your business. But jobs involve both interesting tasks and some really boring. Ask your IT guys how fun is to manually give IP addresses (IP) for every client’s device that requires it? Fortunately, DHCP exists!

What is a DHCP server?

The dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) server is a server inside a network that relies on the standard DHCP protocol and automates different tasks (network configurations). Default gateways, subnet mask, and assigning IPs to devices are just some examples. 

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Scam

May 11, 2021
by John W. Myers
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What is a scam?

The Internet has totally gotten into our lives. We socialize, look for a job, work, buy, study, etc. through it. Criminals know it and constantly look for ways to cheat online. 

Sometimes it’s really easy to fall into a scam while checking your e-mail or your smartphone. Everybody, not only business people but also regular users around the world, is targeted daily.

What is a scam?

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